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Egypt Institute Journal (Vol. 4 – Issue 16)
Introduction
Issue No.16 of the Egypt
Institute Journal, published in October 2019, included a number of political,
strategic, economic, intellectual and legal articles, as follows:
1- ‘Euro-Mediterranean
Partnership – Contexts and Tracks’, by Dr. Lamia Haroush (Algeria)
The
European Union has introduced the concept of partnership in its relationship
with the Mediterranean countries because of the strategic importance of the
Mediterranean. This significance is based on a deep civilizational dimension, a
large human bloc and important natural resources that have brought the region
back to international attention. The European Union developed its new Mediterranean
policy in 1989/1990, adopting a Redirected Mediterranean Policy (RMP) according
to a European Commission proposal. The paper suggests that the
Euro-Mediterranean project is a product of the mixing of globalization and
regionalism.
2- Conflict of Wills:
Local and International Intersections in the Mobilization of Algeria, Jalal Khushaib
(Algeria)
This
paper attempts to draw a “comprehensive picture” that enables the reader to
understand what has happened and is still happening in Algeria within a broader
framework that links the active internal and external factors in this mobilization
between the past and the present, that is, it will draw an idea of the logic
that drives the active forces within the Algerian political system, or what
David Easton calls “the black box”, and the intersections of this logic with
the logic that drives the competing major powers in the structure of the
international system concerned with the status quo in Algeria and determines
their interests in the country. The paper attempts to understand the societal
causes behind the decades-old democrat deficit in Algeria and the reasons behind
the Algerian people’s massive, peaceful mobilization that was surprising to
neighbors and the whole world at large.
The
paper attempts to explore the (structural and non-structural) factors that
stand behind what is currently happening in Algeria and which factors are more
important and central in determining the course of this mobilization and the
future of the country.
3- ‘Maps of
Informality in Egypt as a Style of Living’, by Tamer Mowafy (Egypt)
The
study seeks to provide a theoretical structure through which “Informality” can
be understood as a mode of living similar to that prevailing in our modern societies.
The paper introduces a definition of this phenomenon lifestyle as “the style of
directing the social practices of the self and of others”, and examines the
validity of this definition through two approaches: using Michel Foucault’s concepts
of conduct and the two powers, i.e. the disciplinary power and bio-power in the
first; and Pierre Purdue’s concepts of capital, field, and habitus in the
second.
4- ‘Social Repercussions
of the Phenomenon of Rising Prices in Egypt’, by Dr. Manal Talaat (Egypt)
The
study is based on the assumption that the rising prices in Egypt have become a
complex multifaceted phenomenon, characterized by inability of a certain
category of Egyptian people to meet the minimum levels of basic needs, in
addition to inability of different capacities to participate in development
processes and reap its benefits.
Unemployment, poverty, terrorism, corruption, and
others have become some of the most prominent diseases of the current time, and
all competent authorities such as academia, media, experts and those concerned
have become aware of the significance of addressing these problems and
monitoring the consequences resulting from such phenomenon. Economic crises
have serious consequences in society, given that the phenomenon of rising
prices has been accompanied by an increase in armed robberies on banks and
increased robberies in general, as well as begging, violence and killings to
meet various needs. According to the paper, poverty, citizenship, social
exclusion, crime, and domestic violence are among the key repercussions of the
rising prices in Egypt.
5- Jurisprudence of the Difference: between Legitimacy and
Prevention, by Dr. Magdy Shalash (Egypt)
The
article states that although unity is a great blessing, yet it is based on
interaction of opinions and ideas. The views and opinions
of the Companions (May Allah be pleased with them) used to differ in major
crises and political calamities, but they later agree on one opinion; in fact,
unity of views cannot be achieved without respecting different opinions first
and then respecting the decision in the second place.
The
paper attempts to answer the following questions:
–
What is the concept of difference? What is the difference between difference
and disagreement?
–
Is difference only one type that is, or is it divided into several types, including
the and the reprehensible types?
–
What is the ideological difference? What are its causes and how to deal with it
when it occurs?
–
When can the political disagreement be commendable and when is it considered reprehensible
and what are its governing rules?
–
When is juristic disagreement considered legitimate and what are its causes and
its etiquette?
–
What is the Sharia position on jurisprudence schools and how to deal with them?
–
Does racial and color differences affect the unity of the nation and the
construction of its civilization, or a destructive element?
6- ‘Evaluation of the Egyptian Program for the Treatment of the C-Virus’, by Amgad Hamdi (Egypt)
The
study seeks to examine and evaluate the regime’s policies in dealing with the
problem of treatment of C-Virus through analyzing the Egyptian experience in that
regard, within the framework of the political context that Egypt is going
through. The study attempts to answer the question: To what extent have health
programs and policies in Egypt contributed to eliminating the C-virus and to
what extent have these policies been characterized by efficiency and
effectiveness in dealing with this problem?
7- ‘Egypt’s Muslim
Brotherhood (2011-2016): Shifts and Problems’, by Yasser Fathi (Egypt)
This
study attempts to address the interaction of the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt
with the mobilization of the Egyptian revolution since January 2011 – calling
for changing the Mubarak regime – until January 2016 – when the Muslim
Brotherhood split was announced by the media. The study combines description
and reporting in attempt to provide explanations and analyses based on facts, interviews,
and views from sources calculated on the Brotherhood.
The
study does not focus on details of the political events that have occurred
since January 25, 2011, but rather focuses on the general line of events and attempts
to understand the Brotherhood’s organizational behavior. The paper does not
address evaluation of President Morsi’s one year in power or any of other
political forces and currents. The study attempts to understand the Brotherhood
behavior through sources from within the group.
8- ‘Jihad
Strategies to Abu Musab al-Suri’, Urabi Abdel-Hay (Egypt)
This
study attempts to shed light on “Abu Musab Al-Suri”, one of the most prominent
theorists of the jihadist movement in the Islamic world, in addition to a brief
account of his personal life, monitoring his intellectual output, and analyzing
his theories in support of “jihad” and developing it in his book, “Calling the
International Islamic Resistance” by creating a hybrid model from resistance
and structural organization methods and new methods and less hierarchical
organizations. The study adopts the descriptive and analytical methodology
based on two determinants: the first is observation of the reality in which the
intellectual and “strategic experiences of “Abu Musab al-Suri” were formed;
and then analyzing his intellectual achievement and theories of resistance in
light of the experiences available to him and the influences that formulated
them.
9- ‘Western
Alternatives to Confronting Islamic Jihadist Movements’, by Alaa Adel (Egypt)
The
study assumes that there are two main western theories to deal with Islam and
Muslims; the first: the theory of “all are similar”, warning against the use of
any Islamic component in the war of the so-called “terrorism”; and the other:
the theory “they are not the same”, advising to find alternatives to counter
jihadist ideology. In contrast to the Western alternatives, there is a
counter-alternative, that is the merging of al-Qaeda and Islamic State
organizational grassroots, which is the most dangerous scenario for Western
researchers, although the chances of setting jihadi-jihadi disputes aside
remain virtually too few.
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